Slide virus

Create your free account to continue reading. Sign Up. Upcoming SlideShare. Embed Size px. Start on. Show related SlideShares at end. WordPress Shortcode. Share Email. Top clipped slide. Download Now Download Download to read offline. Virus Download Now Download Download to read offline. Farzin Asghari sana Follow. Viruses ppt. Virus culture and cytopathic effect. Structural symmetry of viruses. Viral replication 1. Adeno,Parvo,Polyoma Virus. Classification of virus. Related Books Free with a 30 day trial from Scribd.

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Sign in for free. Viruses are too small even to be seen by a light microscope. Some traces are from animal cells, plant cells and bacterial cells. Their multiple origins explain why viruses are species-specific. However, some other have broader range of host cells II A capsid or a protein coat which functions in protecting the genetic material during the viral infection process. III In some viruses, there is an outer envelope that encloses the coat, and is made of parts of the previously infected cells.

A complete virus that consist of the genetic material, the protein coat and an envelope is called the virion Virus Component Virus shape Virus shape can be based on the capsid i. Helical rod-shaped e. Complex combination of both by having structures like tail helical and polyhedral e. Most enveloped virus have spherical shape e.

Virus classification Before, viruses are classified according to the type of host that they infected. The current system reflect phenotypic characteristics. The Baltimore classification system distinguish viruses based on their - Method of replication - Genome type DNA or RNA The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses devised and implemented several rules on the naming and classification of viruses early in the s. It started at the level of order and ends at genus Bacteriophage Much of the knowledge comes from studying bacteriophage, because they can be cultured easily within living bacteria.

Bacteriophage possess dsDNA inside their capsid protein head. The capsid functions as protection of their genetic material. Their tail fibers are the base used to attach themselves to bacterial host cell The tail is the channel for their genetic material to be injected to the host cell. Bacteriophage Bacteriophage replication cycle In a lytic cycle, the virus destroys the host cell. It is a rapid process where the host cell undergoes lysis.

In a lysogenic cycle, the viral genome usually becomes integrated into the host cell. Virus lytic cycle There are five steps in a typical bacteriophage lytic reproduction, i. Attachment-A virus will attach to a suitable host cell ii. A bacteriophage capsid remains on the outside of the bacterial cell whereas many viruses that infect animal cell enter a host cell intact.

Bacteriophage Lytic Cycle Virus lytic cycle iii. Assembly - The viral nucleic acids and proteins are assembled together to form new infectious particles.

Release - Newly generated viral particles are released from the host cell. Virus lysogenic cycle The infection will enter a latent period. This integrated structure is called a prophage. When the bacterial DNA replicates, the prophage also replicates. Certain external condition such as UV light and x-rays cause viruses to revert to a lytic cycle and then destroy their hosts. Virus lysogenic cycle Replication of an enveloped DNA virus Enveloped virus has a different way of infecting eukaryotic cells.

The viral capsid and nucleic acid will then be released into the animal cell. Enveloped virus penetration step Some virus enter the cell through endocytosis. In this process, the plasma membrane of the animal cell invaginates to form a membrane- bounded vesicle that contains a virus. After the viral genes are transcribed, the viral structural proteins are synthesized through translation outside nucleus.

The new virus particles are then assembled. Enveloped viruses obtain their glycoprotein spikes on the envelopes by picking up a fragment of the host plasma membrane as they leave the infected cell.

H1N1 virus H1N1 virus isolated from patients found that it is made up of genetic elements from four different flu viruses — North American Mexican influenza, North American avian influenza, human influenza, and swine influenza virus However, there are even smaller infectious agents found — viroids and prions.